synthesis 80532-66-7

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Electron Transport Chain:

• The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and other molecules that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions. This process occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is a key stage in the production of ATP
  

Proton Gradient Formation:

• During the electron transport chain, protons are pumped across the inner synthesis 80532-66-7mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient serves as a form of potential energy that can be used to drive ATP synthesis
  

ATP Synthase:

• ATP synthase is a membrane-bound enzyme that utilizes the flow of protons across the membrane to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate. This enzyme plays a crucial role in cellular energy production and is found in both mitochondria and chloroplasts
  

Energy Coupling:

• The energy released by the movement of protons through ATP synthase is used to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP. This process involves the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy, with the supply of ADP limiting the rate of ATP synthesis